Antibiotic resistance is a global health emergency, with resistance detected to all antibiotics
currently in clinical use and only a few novel drugs in the pipeline. Understanding the …

Antimicrobial resistance is an old and silent pandemic. Resistant organisms emerge in
parallel with new antibiotics, leading to a major global public health crisis over time …

Misuse and overuse of antibiotics led us vulnerable to multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria,
biofilms, and intracellular infections. The failure of conventional antibiotics thus gives rise to …

The use of life-saving antibiotics has long been plagued by the ability of pathogenic bacteria
to acquire and develop an array of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The sum of these …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen affecting immunocompromised
patients. It is known as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) …

Membrane lipids interact with proteins in a variety of ways, ranging from providing a stable
membrane environment for proteins to being embedded in to detailed roles in complicated …

Aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics are used to treat many Gram-negative and some Gram-
positive infections and, importantly, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Among various …

In recent years, the effectiveness of antimicrobials in the treatment of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infections has gradually decreased. This pathogen can be observed in several …

Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen and gram-negative coccobacillus that is
responsible for opportunistic infections, pneumonia, and infections of the urinary tract …

Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps have come to prominence in human and veterinary
pathogenesis because they help bacteria protect themselves against the antimicrobials …