Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, affecting 1.7 million
patients every year worldwide. As a result of its heterogeneous nature, the genetic profile …

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are overexpressed in a wide range of human cancers and are
implicated in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, death, and …

The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/4E-BP1 pathway is considered to be a
central regulator of protein synthesis, involving the regulation of cell proliferation …

Progesterone receptor is a surrogate marker of estrogen receptor activity in breast cancer
and its utility in helping predict clinical outcome has been established using biochemical …

Resistance to chemotherapy is a critical issue in the management of breast cancer patients.
The nature of clinical drug resistance is likely to be multifactorial. However, in the last …

Caveolin-1 has been linked to tumor progression and clinical outcome in breast cancer, but
a clear resolution of its role as a prognostic marker is lacking. We assessed caveolin-1 …

Endocrine responsiveness of primary breast cancers with borderline estrogen receptor
expression (ER+[1%-9%]) remains unclear. We aimed at investigating differences in …

Tamoxifen is one of the most effective treatments for breast cancer. Standard practice is to
select patients who are likely to respond to this therapy through the evaluation of estrogen …

Lethal ventricular arrhythmias increase in patients with chronic kidney disease that suffer an
acute coronary event. Chronic kidney disease induces myocardial remodeling, oxidative …

The cadherin–catenin proteins have in common with heat shock proteins (HSP) the capacity
to bind/interact proteins of other classes. Moreover, there are common molecular pathways …