Optimizing vaccine spending depends on recognizing the full value of vaccination (VoV).
Existing taxonomies of such value are not comprehensive because they are not guided by …

Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a colossal impact on human society globally.
There were similarities and differences in the public health and social measures taken by …

In 2020 governments worldwide implemented various laws and social distancing restrictions
to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus. At the same time, conspiracy theories emerged …

One of the major public health measures to manage and contain the outbreak of the COVID-
19 pandemic was to engage in systematic contact tracing, which required gastronomy …

Departing from the mandatory vaccination had been debated and received a lot of rejection
which has caused intense emotions. In this study, the authors tried to evaluate the …

The beginning of the twenty-first century saw an apparent change in language in public
discourses characterised by the rise of so-called “essentially oxymoronic concepts”, ie …

During a public health emergency, a government must balance public welfare, equity,
individual rights, and democratic processes and norms. These goods may conflict. Although …

Non-pharmaceutical interventions have played a key role in managing the COVID-19
pandemic, but it is challenging to estimate their impacts on disease spread and outcomes …

The COVID-19 emergency has shown with great clarity that the social construction of
science can be a highly contentious process which generates debates and disputes related …

Mathematical modelling plays a key role in understanding and predicting the
epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases. We construct a flexible discrete-time model …