Blood vessels are composed of two interacting cell types. Endothelial cells form the inner
lining of the vessel wall, and perivascular cells—referred to as pericytes, vascular smooth …

The retina was first described by Herophilus of Chalcedon around 300 bc. It was named by
Rufos of Ephesus (c. 110 ad) and appeared to early anatomists as a surrounding net which …

The onset of diabetic retinopathy is characterized by morphologic alterations of the
microvessels, with thickening of the basement membrane, loss of inter-endothelial tight …

The endothelium is a complex organ with a multitude of properties essential for control of
vascular functions. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is regarded as an important …

Retinopathy is one of the commonest microvascular complications of diabetes and is still the
prevailing cause of registerable blindness in the working population of developed countries …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a secondary complication of diabetes. DR can cause
irreversible blindness, and its pathogenesis is considered multifactorial. DR can progress …

The hypothesis that solid tumors are dependent on angiogenesis, the formation of new
vessels, for outgrowth and metastasis has acquired a central position in cancer research …

Address correspondence to: Anthony P. Hall, AstraZeneca R&D Alderley Park, Safety
Assessment UK, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, England; e …

OBJECTIVE To investigate early events leading to microvascular cell loss in diabetic
retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS FOXO1 was tested in vivo by DNA …

Prospective studies have established smoking as an independent risk factor for diabetic
nephropathy, suggesting an adverse effect of smoking on glomerular structure and function …