Abstract The phosphoinositide‐3 kinase (PI3K) pathway has been identified as an important
target in breast cancer research for a number of years, but is new to most clinicians …

A large number of novel therapeutics is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for the
treatment of prostate cancer, and small molecule signal transduction inhibitors are a …

The treatment of cancer is being revolutionized by an improved understanding of the genetic
events that occur in tumors. Advances in the understanding of the prevalence and patterns …

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a conserved regulator of cell growth,
proliferation, and survival. In cells, mTOR is the catalytic subunit of two complexes called …

The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of the major pathways modulating
cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, survival, and angiogenesis. Hyperactivation of this …

Lung cancer is a common disease with more than 1.6 million new cases diagnosed
worldwide in 2008. Treatments for patients with advanced disease are rarely curative, and …

Mutational activation of growth factor signaling pathways is commonly observed and often
necessary for oncogenic transformation. Under physiologic conditions, these pathways are …

The last decade has spawned an exciting new era of oncotherapy in dermatology, including
the development of targeted therapies for metastatic melanoma and basal cell carcinoma …

Rapamycin is used frequently in both transplantation and oncology. Although historically
thought to have little diabetogenic effect, there is growing evidence of β-cell toxicity. This …

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) provides valuable guidance for dose adjustment of
antibiotics, immunosuppressives, antiepileptics, and other drugs, but its use for traditional …