Crops aimed at feeding an exponentially growing population are often exposed to a variety
of harsh environmental factors. Although plants have evolved ways of adjusting their …

Abiotic stresses are the most significant factors reducing agricultural productivity. Plants face
extreme environmental conditions that may affect their biological mechanisms, thereby …

The agricultural sector is an important part of the Indian economy. The sector is challenged
by various stresses, leading to huge loss in crop productivity globally and disturbs …

Sodium salinity negatively affects and reduces yields in international agricultural systems.
This stress decreases crop growth and development, causing tissue death, flowering …

Increasing temperature leads to intensive water evaporation, contributing to global warming
and consequently leading to drought stress. These events are likely to trigger modifications …

Salt stress inhibits plant growth, which is an important factor that restricts crop yield. Plant
growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) promote plant growth, but their effect on lettuce …

Water scarcity as well as soil degradation and environmental problems potentially caused
by excessive application of chemical fertilizers are major challenges to agricultural …

Abiotic stressors are one of the major factors affecting agricultural output. Plants have
evolved adaptive systems to respond appropriately to various environmental cues. These …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi enhance plant stress tolerance, but it is unclear whether
AM fungi affect heat tolerance in cucumbers. This study aimed to analyze how an AM …

Soil salinity is a severe abiotic stress that reduces crop productivity. Recently, there has
been growing interest in the application of microbes, mainly plant-growth-promoting bacteria …