Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects
the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From …

Introduction Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a central regulatory factor in detecting and
adapting to cellular oxygen stress. Dysregulation of HIF is associated with various human …

Background Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are oral
alternatives to current standard-of-care treatments for anaemia in chronic kidney disease …

Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are new drugs developed
for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This class of …

Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with
poor long-term outcomes and quality of life. The use of supplemental iron, erythropoiesis …

Desidustat (Oxemia™), a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is a promising
new oral alternative to injectable erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) for the treatment …

The sequence of involvement of factors contributed to the pathogenesis of nephrogenic
anemia (NA) begins with the development of nephrosclerosis, retention of uremic toxins and …