Recent years have seen a blossoming of theories about the biological and physical basis of
consciousness. Good theories guide empirical research, allowing us to interpret data …

Top-down feedback in cortex is critical for guiding sensory processing, which has
prominently been formalized in the theory of hierarchical predictive coding (hPC). However …

Loss of consciousness is associated with the disruption of long-range thalamocortical and
corticocortical brain communication. We tested the hypothesis that deep brain stimulation …

Functions of the neocortex depend on its bidirectional communication with the thalamus, via
cortico-thalamo-cortical (CTC) loops. Recent work dissecting the synaptic connectivity in …

Abstract Models of cognitive function typically focus on the cerebral cortex and hence
overlook functional links to subcortical structures. This view does not consider the role of the …

Over the last years, a surge of empirical studies converged on complexity-related measures
as reliable markers of consciousness across many different conditions, such as sleep …

Consciousness is a multidimensional phenomenon, but key dimensions such as awareness
and wakefulness have been described conceptually rather than neurobiologically. We …

Prominent accounts of sentient behavior depict brains as generative models of organismic
interaction with the world, evincing intriguing similarities with current advances in generative …

Much research on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) has focused on two evoked
potentials, the P3b and the visual or auditory awareness negativity (VAN, AAN). Surveying a …

Interactions with large language models (LLMs) have led to the suggestion that these
models may soon be conscious. From the perspective of neuroscience, this position is …