Over the years, hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as an important molecule in
nephrological and urological studies involving extracellular matrix (ECM) organization …

Uncontrolled inflammatory and immune responses are often involved in the development of
acute and chronic forms of renal injury. Neutrophils are innate immune cells recruited early …

The immune system and the kidneys are closely related. Immune components mediate
acute kidney disease and are crucial to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Beyond …

Acute and chronic kidney diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in the
global population. Many nephropathies are considered to be immune-mediated with …

Kidney has a crucial role in immunity, so any toxicity occurs for the kidney will result in
reduced immunity. The aim of this study is to improve the immune response of insufficient …

Renal fibrosis is the final manifestation of chronic kidney disease (CKD); its prevention is
vital for controlling CKD progression. Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a typical sulfate-conjugated uremic …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resides in a quarter of the world's population and is the
causative agent for tuberculosis (TB), the most common infectious reason of death in …

Renal and cardiovascular disorders are very prevalent and associated with significant
morbidity and mortality. Among diverse pathogenic mechanisms, the dysregulation of …

Evidence has been furnished that immune cells, and immune-podocytes interactions have
increasingly become the focus of proteinuric kidney diseases, which affect millions of …

Nanotechnology is a promising tool for the treatment of cancer. In the past decades, major
steps have been made to bring nanotechnology into the clinic in the form of nanoparticle …