The fungal cell wall is located outside the plasma membrane and is the cell compartment
that mediates all the relationships of the cell with the environment. It protects the contents of …

Melanin is a unique pigment with myriad functions that is found in all biological kingdoms. It
is multifunctional, providing defense against environmental stresses such as ultraviolet (UV) …

Among fungal pathogens, Cryptococcus neoformans has gained great importance among
the scientific community of several reasons. This fungus is the causative agent of …

Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated fungal pathogen that causes infection in
immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients, organ transplant patients …

A hallmark feature of several pathogenic microbes is the distinctive color of their colonies
when propagated in the clinical laboratory. Such pigmentation comes in a variety of hues …

Melanins are negatively charged, hydrophobic pigments of high molecular weight (54, 88,
95, 139) that are composed of polymerized phenolic and/or indolic compounds (Fig. 1)(45 …

Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is a pathogenic fungus with a global distribution.
Humans become infected by inhaling the fungus from the environment, and the fungus …

Production of the microbial pigments is one of the emerging fields of research due to a
growing interest of the industry for safer products, easily degradable and eco-friendly. Fungi …

Melanins are a class of pigments that are ubiquitous throughout biology. They play
incredibly diverse and important roles ranging from radiation protection to immune defense …

Melanins are ubiquitous complex polymers that are commonly known in humans to cause
pigmentation of our skin. Melanins are also present in bacteria, fungi, and helminths. In this …