Abstract Purpose of Review This review summarizes neurotransmitter, peptide, and other
neurohormone abnormalities associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and …

Objective: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) exerts a prominent effect on central adrenergic
stress responses in times of high stress and has been associated with acute posttraumatic …

Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major public health problem with a lifetime
prevalence estimated as high as 14% to 20% in epidemiologic studies. 1 Worldwide, MDD is …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-associated complex and debilitating
psychiatric disorder due to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in response to traumatic …

The neurobiological mechanism of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is poorly
understood. The inhibition of GABA neurons, especially in the amygdala, is crucial for the …

Trauma‐focused psychotherapies show general efficacy in post‐traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), although outcomes vary substantially among individuals with PTSD and many …

Barley sprouts are 5 to 20 day-old grown whole plants that are widely consumed as a
functional vegetable due to their health-promoting compounds such as saponarin, γ …

Abstract ALBRECHT, A., MÜLLER, I., ARDI, Z., ÇALIŞKAN, G., GRUBER, D., IVENS, S.,
SEGAL, M., BEHR, J., HEINEMANN, U., STORK, O., and RICHTER-LEVIN, G …

Stress-associated disorders, including depression and anxiety, impact nearly 20% of
individuals in the United States. The social, health, and economic burden imposed by stress …

Stimulus processing in fear conditioning is constrained by parvalbumin interneurons (PV-
INs) through inhibition of principal excitatory neurons. However, the contributions of PV-IN …