BACKGROUND Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation, the reduction of atmospheric N2 to
ammonia, is important for maintaining the fertility of the oceans by providing biologically …

Nitrogen is an essential component of all living organisms and the main nutrient limiting life
on our planet. By far, the largest inventory of freely accessible nitrogen is atmospheric …

Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) catalyze the second step of nitrification, nitrite oxidation to
nitrate, which is an important process of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. NOB were …

The ocean is a net source of the greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting substance, nitrous
oxide (N2O), to the atmosphere. Most of that N2O is produced as a trace side product during …

Marine diazotrophs convert dinitrogen (N 2) gas into bioavailable nitrogen (N), supporting
life in the global ocean. In 2012, the first version of the global oceanic diazotroph database …

Nitrate assimilation is a key process for nitrogen (N) acquisition in green microalgae. Among
Chlorophyte algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has resulted to be a good model system to …

Nitrogen availability is a pivotal control on terrestrial carbon sequestration and global
climate change. Historical and contemporary views assume that nitrogen enters Earth's land …

Oxygen loss in the ocean, termed deoxygenation, is a major consequence of climate change
and is exacerbated by other aspects of global change. An average global loss of 2% or more …

Ocean warming and increased stratification of the upper ocean caused by global climate
change will likely lead to declines in dissolved O2 in the ocean interior (ocean …

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) harbor unique microbial communities that rely on
alternative electron acceptors for respiration. Conditions therein enable an almost complete …