Progressive loss of the ascending dopaminergic projection in the basal ganglia is a
fundamental pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Studies in animals and humans …

An influential concept in contemporary computational neuroscience is the reward prediction
error hypothesis of phasic dopaminergic function. It maintains that midbrain dopaminergic …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has long been thought to serve as an 'executive'that controls the
selection of actions and cognitive functions more generally. However, the mechanistic basis …

Background Although the basal ganglia are thought to play a key role in action selection in
mammals, it is unknown whether this mammalian circuitry is present in lower vertebrates as …

The basal ganglia are often conceptualised as three parallel domains that include all the
constituent nuclei. The 'ventral domain'appears to be critical for learning flexible behaviours …

Robotics is increasingly seen as a useful test bed for computational models of the brain
functional architecture underlying animal behavior. We provide an overview of past and …

Neurophysiological studies have identified a number of brain regions critically involved in
solving the problem of action selection or decision making. In the case of highly practiced …

The basal ganglia (BG) have long been implicated in both motor function and dysfunction. It
has been proposed that the BG form a centralized action selection circuit, resolving conflict …

Only a few years after the introduction of levodopa, the first descriptions of motor fluctuations
and dyskinesia related to dopaminergic therapy appeared. In PD, attention turned to their …

The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia are classically thought to promote and
suppress action, respectively. However, the observed co-activation of striatal direct and …