Background Transdermal delivery has the advantage of bypassing the first-pass effect and
allowing sustained release of the drug. However, the drug delivery is limited owing to the …

The microneedle (MN), a highly efficient and versatile device, has attracted extensive
scientific and industrial interests in the past decades due to prominent properties including …

Microneedles were first conceptualized for drug delivery many decades ago, but only
became the subject of significant research starting in the mid-1990's when microfabrication …

Micro and nanoscale drug carriers must navigate through a plethora of dynamic biological
systems prior to reaching their tissue or disease targets. The biological obstacles to drug …

The effect of mechanical surface modification on the performance of lithium (Li) metal foil
electrodes is systematically investigated. The applied micro‐needle surface treatment …

Diabetes, a metabolic disorder of glucose, is a serious chronic disease and an important
public health problem. Insulin is one of the hormones for modulating blood glucose level …

Introduction: Transdermal delivery has potential advantages over other routes of
administration. It could reduce first-pass metabolism associated with oral delivery and is less …

The formidable barrier properties of the uppermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum,
impose significant limitations for successful systemic delivery of broad range of therapeutic …

Achieving significant adhesion to soft tissues while minimizing tissue damage poses a
considerable clinical challenge. Chemical-based adhesives require tissue-specific reactive …

Objectives One of the thrust areas in drug delivery research is transdermal drug delivery
systems (TDDS) due to their characteristic advantages over oral and parenteral drug …