Adipose tissue, colloquially known as" fat," is an extraordinarily flexible and heterogeneous
organ. While historically viewed as a passive site for energy storage, we now appreciate that …

The accumulation of an excessive amount of body fat can cause type 2 diabetes, and the
risk of type 2 diabetes increases linearly with an increase in body mass index. Accordingly …

Insulin resistance is the pivotal pathogenic component of many metabolic diseases,
including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is defined as a state of reduced responsiveness of …

The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes
from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key …

The perception that intracellular lipolysis is a straightforward process that releases fatty
acids from fat stores in adipose tissue to generate energy has experienced major revisions …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide. Its
more advanced subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), connotes progressive liver …

Insulin resistance, defined as a defect in insulin-mediated control of glucose metabolism in
tissues—prominently in muscle, fat and liver—is one of the earliest manifestations of a …

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus
type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Metabolic syndrome is closely related to …

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a classical, pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. It is also
the first 'adipokine'described to be produced from adipose tissue, regulated in obesity and …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent liver disease
in the world, yet there are still no approved pharmacological therapies to prevent or treat this …