In 1925, 5-methylcytosine was first reported in bacteria. However, its biological importance
was not intuitive for several decades. After this initial lag, the ubiquitous presence of this …

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Cytosine methylation efficiently silences CpG-rich regulatory regions of genes and repeats
in mammalian genomes. To what extent this entails direct inhibition of transcription factor …

Chronic antigen stimulation during viral infections and cancer can lead to T cell exhaustion,
which is characterized by reduced effector function and proliferation, and the expression of …

Over decades, researchers have focused on the epigenetic control of DNA-templated
processes. Histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, RNA modification …

Aging is a complex biological process accompanied by a progressive decline in the physical
function of the organism and an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as …

Dysregulation of the epigenome drives aberrant transcriptional programmes that promote
cancer onset and progression. Although defective gene regulation often affects oncogenic …

Histomorphology has been a mainstay of cancer diagnosis in anatomic pathology for many
years. DNA methylation profiling is an additional emerging tool that will serve as an adjunct …

Remarkable progress in ageing research has been achieved over the past decades.
General perceptions and experimental evidence pinpoint that the decline of physical …

Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA
modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic …