The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …

Reactive species play an important role in physiological functions. Overproduction of
reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species along with the …

Activated microglial cells play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in
central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Many pro-apoptotic pathways are …

With aging, the nervous system gradually undergoes degeneration. Increased oxidative
stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death are …

Neurons are highly specialized post-mitotic cells that are inherently dependent on
mitochondria owing to their high bioenergetic demand. Mitochondrial dysfunction is …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a cell-wall immunostimulatory endotoxin component of Gram-
negative bacteria. A growing body of evidence reveals that alterations in the bacterial …

Neurodegenerative diseases, a subset of age-driven diseases, have been known to exhibit
increased oxidative stress. The resultant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) has …

Rationale: The integrity and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is compromised after
stroke. The current study was performed to examine potential beneficial effects and …

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the formation of neuroinflammation and
oxidative stress, which are important factors contributing to the development of brain …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative
disorders, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Mitochondrial transfer, the transfer of …