Curcumin as a hydrophobic polyphenol is extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa.
Curcumin is widely used as a dietary spice and a topical medication for the treatment of …

The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed over the last 20 years. All
immunotherapeutic drugs target relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and it still remains a …

To dissect therapeutic mechanisms of transplanted stem cells and develop exosome-based
nanotherapeutics in treating autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, we assessed …

In recent years, many paradigms concerning central nervous system (CNS) immunology
have been challenged and shifted, including the discovery of CNS-draining lymphatic …

Abstract Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging: disease-modifying treatments
(DMTs) must both limit unwanted immune responses associated with disease initiation and …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system
(CNS) caused by demyelination, immune cell infiltration, and axonal damage. Herein, we …

We have recently identified T cells as important mediators of ischemic brain damage, but the
contribution of the different T-cell subsets is unclear. Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)–positive …

A prominent clinical symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), a progressive disorder of the central
nervous system (CNS) due to heightened neuro-inflammation, is learning and memory …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical components of innate immunity and function as rapid
pathogen sensors. TLR4 is expressed on CD4+ T cells as well, the functional significance of …

Research on the foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterial implants has been focused on
the roles that the innate immune system has on mediating tolerance or rejection of implants …