Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are a major source of variability in drug pharmacokinetics and
response. Of 57 putatively functional human CYPs only about a dozen enzymes, belonging …

From earliest development on, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in most cells of the
mammalian body. The VDR is a nuclear, ligand-induced transcription factor that regulates in …

ABCB1 (MDR1) is one of many ubiquitous adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette
(ABC) genes present in all kingdoms of life that is responsible for cellular homeostasis [1–3] …

Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2), a key enzyme responsible for oxidative metabolism of
various xenobiotics and endogenous compounds, participates in a diverse array of …

Abstract The cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes first attracted interest because of their
relevance to the metabolism of drugs, steroids, and carcinogens. Collectively, the 57 human …

Oral administration is the most commonly used route for drug treatment. Intestinal
cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism can eliminate a large proportion of some …

Antihistamines, especially H1 antihistamines, are widely used in the treatment of allergic
diseases such as urticaria and allergic rhinitis, mainly for reversing elevated histamine and …

CYP2J2 as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-expressed vital cytochrome P450 isoform
participates in the metabolism of endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids. Its abnormal …

The oxazolidinone antibacterial linezolid has been in clinical use for over 20 years, yet
knowledge of the contributions of specific cytochrome (CYP) 450 enzymes to the metabolic …

Cytochrome P450s are oxidative metabolic enzymes that play critical roles in the
biotransformation of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. The expression and activity …