In an effort to learn how perceived internal control changes with age, 33 developmental
studies using 12 different locus of control (LOC) scales are surveyed. A few studies show …

The investigation of learned helplessness (LH) in children is integrated with (a) research on
LH in adults and (b) basic developmental research relating to the processes which …

Preschool children's basic scientific reasoning abilities were investigated in two
experiments. Consistent with findings by Ruffman et al.(1993), Experiment 1 showed that …

We examine the interaction of two cues that children use to make judgments about cause-
effect relations: probabilities and interventions. Children were shown a “detector” that lit up …

Philosophical theories summarized here include regularity and necessity theories from
Hume to the present; manipulability theory; the theory of powerful particulars; causation as …

Publisher Summary This chapter examines models of story comprehension in relation to the
specific constraints assumed to influence the process of constructing a coherent …

The development of 3 causal-inference schemata were examined in achievement
attributions. Children aged 5-12 years and college students judged hypothetical persons' …

Preschool-aged children have been characterized as lacking an assumption that causes
only precede or co-occur with effects. However, when 3-5-year-olds were shown a simple …

Three studies investigated children's belief in causal determinism. If children are
determinists, they should infer unobserved causes whenever observed causes appear to act …

What do children's interactions on the playground have to do with foreign policy? How does
science understanding in middle school relate to environmental disasters in third world …