Global climate change is identified as a major threat to survival of natural ecosystems.
Climate change is a dynamic, multifaceted system of alterations in environmental conditions …

Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic stress conditions, such as drought,
salinity, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, oxygen deprivation, etc., greatly …

Plants are often exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions, for instance abiotic
stresses, which dramatically alter distribution of plant species among ecological niches and …

Climate change-induced abiotic stress results in crop yield and production losses. These
stresses result in changes at the physiological and molecular level that affect the …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic associations with most terrestrial
plants. These soil microorganisms enhance the plant's nutrient uptake by extending the root …

Episodes of water shortage occur in most agricultural regions of the world. Their durations
and intensities increase, and their seasonal timing alters with changing climate. During the …

Drought stress imposes a serious threat to crop productivity and nutritional security. Drought
adaptation mechanisms involve complex regulatory network comprising of various sensory …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a pivotal role in
the dynamic cell signaling systems in plants, even under biotic and abiotic stress conditions …

Drought and waterlogging seriously affect the growth of plants and are considered severe
constraints on agricultural and forestry productivity; their frequency and degree have …

Salinity stress is the major abiotic stress that affects crop production and productivity as it
has a multifarious negative effect on the growth and development of the plant. Salinity stress …