The lung is a primary organ for gas exchange in mammals that represents the largest
epithelial surface in direct contact with the external environment. It also serves as a crucial …

Natural killer (NK) cells are pivotal effectors of the innate immunity protecting an individual
from microbes. They are the first line of defense against invading viruses, given their …

As SARS-CoV-2 infections and death counts continue to rise, it remains unclear why some
individuals recover from infection, whereas others rapidly progress and die. Although the …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of respiratory illness in infants
and the elderly. Although several vaccines have been developed, none have succeeded in …

Understanding SARS-CoV-2 associated immune pathology is crucial to develop pan-
effective vaccines and treatments. Here we investigate the immune events from the acute …

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were introduced in the United States in 2007 and by 2014
they were the most popular tobacco product amongst youth and had overtaken use of …

Natural killer (NK) cells belong to type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) and are essential in
killing infected or transformed cells. NK cells mediate their effector functions using non …

Natural killer (NK) cells kill mutant cells through death receptors and cytotoxic granules,
playing an essential role in controlling cancer progression. However, in the tumor …

Trillions of beneficial and hostile microorganisms live in the human respiratory and
gastrointestinal tracts, which act as gatekeepers in maintaining human health, ie, protecting …

Natural killer cells (NK) are innate lymphocytes endowed with the ability to recognize and kill
cancer cells. Consequently, adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells …