Intraoperative awareness is defined by both consciousness and explicit memory of surgical
events. Although electroencephalographic techniques to detect and prevent awareness are …

Current processed EEG monitors are limited by their calibration range and the interpatient
variability in their dose–response curves. The next generation of depth-of-anesthesia …

Background Current data suggest that mortality after noncardiac surgery may be associated
with persistent hypotension and the cumulative duration of low processed …

Cardiac surgery presents particular challenges for the anesthesiologist. In addition to
standard and advanced monitors typically used during cardiac surgery, anesthesiologists …

Depth of anesthesia The term 'depth of anesthesia'is widely used, but, from a review of
expert opinion (Table 1 [1–8]), it is evident that the idea of quantifiable anesthetic depth is …

Most of currently available electroencephalographic (EEG)-based tools to assess depth of
anaesthesia have not been studied or have been judged unreliable in pigs. Our primary aim …

Background: Use of the bispectral index (BIS) monitor has been suggested to decrease
excessive anesthetic drug administration, leading to improved recovery from general …

Identification of high-risk patients, the use of balanced anesthesia techniques and increased
vigilance on the part of the anesthetist will go a long way in preventing intraoperative …

Intraoperative lidocaine infusion has become widely accepted as an adjunct to general
anesthesia where its use has been associated with opioid-sparing and enhanced recovery …

To easily measure the depth of anaesthesia during routine surgical procedures has always
been a goal in anaesthesiology. For decades, scientists have been developing indices to …