The past decade has witnessed an exponential increase in research on exosomes. For
many years considered to be extracellular debris, exosomes are now considered important …

Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of activated
fibroblasts that constitute a dominant cellular component of the tumor microenvironment …

Multiple lines of evidence are indicating that cancer development and malignant
progression are not exclusively epithelial cancer cell-autonomous processes but may also …

Increasing evidence indicates that the ability of cancer cells to convey biological information
to recipient cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for tumor progression …

Purpose: Human osteosarcoma is a genetically heterogeneous bone malignancy with poor
prognosis despite the employment of aggressive chemotherapy regimens. Because …

Homotypic and heterotypic interactions between cells are of crucial importance in
multicellular organisms for the maintenance of physiological functions. Accordingly, changes …

Biomarkers are vital in healthcare as they provide valuable insights into disease diagnosis,
prognosis, treatment response, and personalized medicine. They serve as objective …

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases,
and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in both men and women worldwide due …

Intercellular communication plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression
through secretory molecules, including growth factors and cytokines. Recent advances have …

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed solid-organ cancer in males. The
PSA testing may cause overdiagnosis and overtreatment for PCa patients. There is an …