The transport of specific molecules across lipid membranes is an essential function of all
living organisms. The processes are usually mediated by specific transporters. One of the …

The interindividual genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters
influence the efficacy and toxicity of numerous drugs. As a fundamental element in precision …

Background Pharmacogenetic determinants of the response of patients to clopidogrel
contribute to variability in the biologic antiplatelet activity of the drug. The effect of these …

ABCB1 (MDR1) is one of many ubiquitous adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette
(ABC) genes present in all kingdoms of life that is responsible for cellular homeostasis [1–3] …

Drug transporters are increasingly recognized to be important to drug disposition and
response. P‐glycoprotein, the encoded product of the human MDR1 (ABCB1) gene, is of …

Many orally administered drugs must overcome several barriers before reaching their target
site. The first major obstacle to cross is the intestinal epithelium. Although lipophilic …

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute a large family of membrane proteins,
which transport a variety of compounds through the membrane against a concentration …

A key issue in the treatment of many cancers is the development of resistance to
chemotherapeutic drugs. Resistance mechanisms are numerous and complex. One of them …

Interindividual differences of drug response are an important cause of treatment failures and
adverse drug reactions. The identification of polymorphisms explaining distinct phenotypes …

The product of the ABCB1 gene, P-glycoprotein (PGP), is a transmembrane active efflux
pump for a variety of drugs. It is a putative mechanism of multidrug resistance in a range of …