The great clinical success of cisplatin and its derivatives has convinced people that metal
complexes could play a more significant role in human cancer therapy. However, targeting …

Disordered metabolic states, which are characterised by hypoxia and elevated levels of
metabolites, particularly lactate, contribute to the immunosuppression in the tumour …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with a poor prognosis and few
treatment options. Here, building on the observation of elevated lactate (LA) in resected …

Background Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is the ninth member of
the proprotein convertase family that regulates lipoprotein homeostasis and altered PCSK9 …

Large panels of comprehensively characterized human cancer models, including the
Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), have provided a rigorous framework with which to …

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes catalyse the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate
and therefore play key roles in the Krebs cycle and cellular homoeostasis. Major advances …

Summary R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG), a metabolite produced by mutant isocitrate
dehydrogenases (IDHs), was recently reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However, its …

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent histological kidney cancer
subtype. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in identifying the genetic …

Three‐dimensional cell culture models, such as spheroids, can be used in the process of the
development of new anticancer agents because they are able to closely mimic the main …

Once thought to be a waste product of anaerobic metabolism, lactate is now known to form
continuously under aerobic conditions. Shuttling between producer and consumer cells …