The temporal dynamics of the invertebrate immune response often determines an
organism's success in responding to physiological stress, physical damage, and pathogens …

We investigated the effect of brown ring disease (BRD) development and algal diet on
energy reserves and activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism, antioxidant system …

Phenoloxidase (PO) is a crucial component of the immune system of echinoderms. In the
present study, the full-length cDNA of PO (AjPO) was cloned from coelomocytes of the sea …

Invertebrates have evolved for hundreds of millions of years, often surviving very hostile
environments. Defense strategies of invertebrates, which lack antibodies and lymphocytes …

304Gastropods have colonized marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems, and the
extraordinary diversification of their habitats makes them a group of high ecological …

The humoral immune responses of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri to microbial
challenge remain open to date. Here we examined the changes in PO activity in the humoral …

Physiology of Molluscs: A Collection of Selected Reviews is an informative two-volume sent
that brings together some of the most important recent and unique developments in …

Hemocytes and hemolymph of snail Lymnaea stagnalis were analyzed to detect
phenoloxidase (PO) activity. No PO activity was found in the hemocytes of snails. A low level …

C. gigas, C. virginica exhibited greater expansion of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and positive
selection in P. marinus responsive TLRs. The C1q domain containing proteins (C1qDCs) …

为研究酚氧化酶(PO) 在贝类体色形成和非特异性免疫过程中的重要作用,
检测了壳长为(2.1±0.3) cm 的3 种壳色菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum (橙蛤 …