Tumor development is closely associated with a complex tumor microenvironment, which is
composed of tumor cells, blood vessels, tumor stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells, and …

With the major advances in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, it is critical to consider
that most immune cells are short-lived and need to be continuously replenished from …

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (K-ras) is a well-documented, frequently mutated gene in
lung cancer. Since K-ras regulates numerous signaling pathways related to cell survival and …

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent female malignancies. Because of a
characteristic symptom, vaginal bleeding, EC is often diagnosed in an early stage. Despite …

Macrophages play critical roles in both innate and adaptive immunity and are known for their
high plasticity in response to various external signals. Macrophages are involved in …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central
nervous system (CNS) with an autoimmune mechanism of development. Currently, one of …

Objective Dietary patterns are believed to regulate tumor progression by altering the tumor
microenvironment. Of note, a high salt diet is a risk factor for various diseases. However, the …

Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME)
are critical for immune suppression by restricting immune cell infiltration in the tumor stromal …

Purpose To determine the tumor immune cell landscape after transcatheter arterial bland
embolization (TAE) in a clinically relevant rat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model …

The secretory enzyme human ribonuclease 1 (RNase1) is involved in innate immunity and
anti-inflammation, achieving host defense and anti-cancer effects; however, whether …