Large volume of urine is continuously released into the environment by both humans and
animals, and impacts negatively on the environment and ultimately on humans and animals' …

As the human excreta, urine is often used as one of the test materials in medical research
due to its composition and content directly reflecting the health status of the body …

Urine can be used to diagnose diabetes in a non-invasively manner. Examination of blood
sugar levels as an indicator of diabetics is currently carried out using invasive methods …

The kidney plays a fundamental role in acid-base homeostasis by reabsorbing the filtered
bicarbonate and by generating new bicarbonate consumed in the buffering of non-volatile …

Urolithiasis is not a rare disorder in children. Its etiology, incidence and localization vary by
geographic region. It is an increasing problem, especially in developing countries. Metabolic …

Мочекаменная болезнь (МКБ)-заболевание, вызванное образованием камней в почках
и различных отделах мочевыделительного тракта. Частота госпитализации детей с …

Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a medical emergency during trauma. Significant loss of tissue
perfusion may result in cellular hypoxia, organ damage and death. The primary treatment of …

Human health can be detected through urine content, where metabolic waste in the body is
excreted through urination. Glucose in the urine is caused by high levels of glucose in the …

Renal lithiasis is a multifactorial pathological situation where alteration of the natural
conditions of urine crystallization occurs. There are substances in the urine that, when …

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a disease caused by the formation of calculi in kidneys and
other parts of the urinary tract. The rate of hospitalization of children with KSD worldwide is …