Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated CpG motifs trigger cells
that express Toll-like receptor 9 (including human plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells) …

This work describes the nature and strength of the immune response induced by various Toll-
like receptor ligands and their ability to act as vaccine adjuvants. It reviews the various …

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) that contain immunostimulatory CpG motifs trigger
an immunomodulatory cascade that involves B and T cells, natural killer cells and …

CpG Oligonucleotides (ODN) are immunomodulatory synthetic oligonucleotides specifically
designed to stimulate Toll-like receptor 9. TLR9 is expressed on human plasmacytoid …

The development and widespread application of vaccines has been one of the most
significant achievements of modern medicine. Vaccines have not only been instrumental in …

The success of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in a subset of
individuals has been very exciting. However, in many cancers, responses to current ICIs are …

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated CpG motifs directly
stimulate human B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), thereby promoting the …

CpG Oligonucleotides (ODN) are immunomodulatory synthetic oligonucleotides designed to
specifically agonize Toll-like receptor 9. Here, we review recent progress in understanding …

CD4 T cells have traditionally been regarded as helpers and regulators of adaptive immune
responses; however, a novel role for CD4 T cells as direct mediators of protection against …

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune
adjuvants, accelerating and boosting antigen-specific immune responses. CpG motifs …