In at least some individuals who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI), there exists a risk of
future neurodegenerative illness. This review focuses on the association between the brain …

Background: In recent years, the attention of the scientific world has focused on a clearance
system of brain waste metabolites, called the glymphatic system, based on its similarity to …

The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the
bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic …

In the past, water homeostasis of the brain was understood as a certain quantitative
equilibrium of water content between intravascular, interstitial, and intracellular spaces …

Developing effective disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs)
requires reliable diagnostic, disease activity, and progression indicators. While desirable …

The discovery of the glymphatic system has revolutionized our understanding of
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation and interstitial waste clearance in the brain. This …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known as an acute degenerative pathology of the central
nervous system, and has been shown to increase brain aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression …

Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, are integral to sleep regulation. In the
context of a healthy neural environment, these glial cells exert a profound influence on the …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) persists as a substantial clinical dilemma, largely because of the
absence of effective treatments. This challenge is exacerbated by the hindered clearance of …

Aquaporins (AQPs), particularly AQP4, play a crucial role in regulating fluid dynamics in the
brain, impacting the development and resolution of edema following traumatic brain injury …