Malaria is an infectious disease and a serious public health problem in the world, with 3.3
billion people in endemic areas in 100 countries and about 200 million new cases each …

Pregnant women in malaria-endemic regions are susceptible to malaria in pregnancy, which
has adverse consequences on birth outcomes, including having small for gestational age …

Anemia is a multifactorial condition; approaches to address it must recognize that the causal
factors represent an ecology consisting of internal (biology, genetics, and health) and …

Trace elements have various physiochemical functions in humans and are associated with
the occurrence of preterm birth (PB). However, their mixed effects on PB risk have rarely …

Every year, an estimated 21 million girls aged 15–19 years become pregnant in low-income
and middle-income countries (LMICs). Policy responses have focused on reducing the …

Background Low birth weight (LBW), including preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational
age (SGA), contributes a significant global health burden. We aimed to summarise current …

Preterm births (PTB) are the leading cause of neonatal deaths, the majority of which occur in
low-and middle-income countries, particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) …

The sizable and multifactorial risks to human health posed by climate change are both
increasingly well understood and broadly accepted. One critical aspect of human health that …

Background Adolescents are considered at high risk of developing iron deficiency. Studies
in children indicate that the prevalence of iron deficiency increased with malaria …

Background: Improving the health of pregnant women is important to prevent adverse birth
outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birthweight. We evaluated the comparative …