Approximately 50 years ago, pharmacogenetics was described as a new field of medicine
that may explain human drug action. Anaesthesia played a key role in the early …

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with differential beta-
blocker (BB) effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and left ventricular ejection fraction in …

Objectives: Marked interpatient variability exists in the blood pressure response to
carvedilol, a nonselective β-blocker. Here we evaluated the influence of 4 common …

The β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) plays a key role in the control of smooth muscle
relaxation in airways, the therapy of asthma, and a series of other basic physiological …

Objective To review possible associations reported between genetic variants and the risk,
therapeutic response and prognosis of heart failure. Methods Electronic databases …

The individual patient responses to chronic heart failure (HF) pharmacotherapies are highly
variable. This variability cannot be entirely explained by clinical characteristics, and genetic …

Betablockers (BBs) are prescribed for ischaemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome
(ACS). In Spain, bisoprolol and carvedilol are the most prescribed BBs, but patients often …

Methods: One hundred patients with stable CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]<
45%) were enrolled. Enrolled patients started 1.25 mg bisoprolol treatment once daily, then …

The hemodynamic, mechanical and electrical effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy
(CRT) occur immediate and are lasting as long as CRT is delivered. Therefore, it is …

Objective To test whether variants in ADRB1 and CYP2C9 genes identify subgroups of
individuals with differential response to treatment for Marfan syndrome through analysis of …