The pain of childbirth is arguably the most severe pain most women will endure in their
lifetimes. The pain of the early first stage of labor arises from dilation of the lower uterine …

This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Neuraxial opioids have contributed significantly to improved labor and postcesarean
delivery analgesia. In the obstetric population, epidural and intrathecal opioids are …

Childbirth pain stands as one of the most intense experiences in a woman's life. It emanates
from various stages of labor, beginning with the early first stage marked by the dilation of the …

Scoliosis can pose challenges to the initiation and function of neuraxial anesthetics. We
reviewed the available literature exploring neuraxial techniques in parturients with …

Neuraxial opioids are an integral part of obstetric anaesthesia and have contributed to
greatly improved analgesia for labour and caesarean delivery, both intraoperatively and …

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether combined spinal–epidural analgesia (CSEA) can
decrease the known epidural effect of lengthening delivery. METHODS: Between April and …

The purpose of the present study was to characterize the antinociceptive effects of tramadol,
fentanyl and morphine, when two of them were systemically combined in a 1: 1 potency …

Background Anesthesia today has strived to decrease labor pain in a tolerable and
controllable fashion. Intrathecal midazolam has been introduced as an adjunct to …

Background and aims Single-shot spinal with bupivacaine plus fentanyl or sufentanil is
commonly used as analgesia during labour, but the short duration limits the clinical …