OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comparative cardiovascular effectiveness and safety of sodium–
glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists …

Background: Antibiotics are essential to effectively treat many hospitalized patients.
However, when antibiotics are prescribed incorrectly, they offer little benefit to patients and …

Importance Bariatric surgery can lead to substantial improvements in type 2 diabetes
(T2DM), but outcomes vary across procedures and populations. It is unclear which bariatric …

Pharmacoepidemiologic and pharmacoeconomic analysis of health care databases has
become a vital source of evidence to support health care decision making and efficient …

Background: The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event
Trial in Type 2 diabetes Mellitus Patients) showed that empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose …

Objectives Results of the ORAL Surveillance safety trial have indicated that there is an
increased risk for the development of malignancies with tofacitinib therapy when compared …

Context To better target services to those who may benefit, many guidelines recommend
incorporating life expectancy into clinical decisions. Objective To assess the quality and …

For high-price drugs, Medicare Part D beneficiaries who do not receive a low-income
subsidy must pay a percentage of the drug's price for each medication fill. Without that …

Importance The rising threat of antibiotic resistance and other adverse consequences
resulting from the misuse of antibiotics requires a better understanding of antibiotic use in …

Objective To investigate the rate of serious bacterial, viral or opportunistic infection in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starting tocilizumab (TCZ) versus tumour necrosis …