Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central
nervous system (CNS) characterized by acute optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis …

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory disease of
the central nervous system, manifesting clinically as optic neuritis, myelitis, and certain brain …

Early evaluation of treatment response and prediction of disease evolution are key issues in
the management of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). In the past 20 years, MRI has …

Iron is an essential micronutrient that is problematic for biological systems since it is toxic as
it generates free radicals by interconverting between ferrous (Fe 2+) and ferric (Fe 3+) forms …

Objective To test the hypothesis that serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and
neurofilament light chain (NfL), which are an intermediate astrocyte and neuron filaments …

Air pollution is regarded as an important risk factor for many diseases that affect a large
proportion of the human population. To date, accumulating reports have noted that …

Background There is an unmet need to develop therapeutic interventions directed at the
neurodegeneration that underlies progression in multiple sclerosis. High-dose …

Ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab, ublituximab, inebilizumab, and evobrutinib are
immunotherapies that target various B cell–related proteins. Most of these treatments have …

Following the impressive progress in the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
(MS), the major challenge ahead is the development of treatments to prevent or delay the …

Abstract Aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-
IgG+ NMOSD) is an autoimmune astrocytopathic disease pathologically characterized by …