Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia worldwide, is characterized by the
accumulation of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) within the brain along with hyperphosphorylated …

It has long been suspected that the relative abundance of specific nutrients can affect
cognitive processes and emotions. Newly described influences of dietary factors on …

Circadian (daily) rhythms are present in almost all plants and animals. In mammals, a brain
clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus maintains synchrony between …

Obesity is a major public health problem affecting overall physical and emotional well-being.
Despite compelling data suggesting an association between obesity and cognitive …

Examination of cognition has historically been approached from language and introspection.
However, human language–dependent definitions ignore the evolutionary roots of brain …

Stress can be defined as a brain–body reaction towards stimuli arising from the environment
or from internal cues that are interpreted as a disruption of homeostasis. The organization of …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) was first noted for its ability to prevent the unregulated
exchange of substances between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS). Over …

The adipose-derived hormone leptin is well known for its function in the control of energy
homeostasis. Recent studies suggest a novel role for this adipokine in the regulation of …

Recent epidemiological studies indicate that obesity increases the incidence of depression.
We examined the implication of leptin for obesity-associated depression. Leptin induced …

Stress and glucocorticoid stress hormones inhibit neurogenesis, whereas antidepressants
increase neurogenesis and block stress-induced decrease in neurogenesis. Our previous …