Adjuvants are vaccine components that enhance the magnitude, breadth and durability of
the immune response. Following its introduction in the 1920s, alum remained the only …

Personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) are reinvigorating vaccine strategies in cancer
immunotherapy. In contrast to adoptive T-cell therapy and checkpoint blockade, the PCV …

Conspectus Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the “gatekeepers” of the immune system in
humans and other animals to protect the host from invading bacteria, viruses, and other …

Adjuvants increase vaccine potency largely by activating innate immunity and promoting
inflammation. Limiting the side effects of this inflammation is a major hurdle for adjuvant use …

Importance Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastritis and gastroduodenal ulcer
disease and can cause cancer. H pylori prevalence is as high as 90% in some developing …

Highlights•New adjuvants are typically a combination of delivery system and an immune
potentiator.•A deeper understanding of innate immunity has helped the discovery of new …

Successful cancer immunotherapy entails activation of innate immune receptors to promote
dendritic cell (DC) maturation, antigen presentation, up-regulation of costimulatory …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by amyloid-
β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, loss of synapses and neurons and chronic …

The elimination of both cellular and tissue latent reservoirs is a challenge toward a
successful HIV cure.“Shock and Kill” are among the therapeutic strategies that have been …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are vital elements of the mammalian immune system that function
by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), bridging innate and …