The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype characterizes patients with refractory epilepsy
(RE). Seizures are not controlled despite receiving various combinations of more than two …

Edema formation following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) exacerbates secondary injury,
and the severity of edema correlates with worse neurological outcome in human patients. To …

Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane proteins involved in the transport of water and
ions across cell membranes. AQPs have been shown to be implicated in various …

Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent, spontaneous,
and synchronous seizures. The pathogenesis of epilepsy, known as epileptogenesis …

Aquaporins (AQPs), particularly AQP4, play a crucial role in regulating fluid dynamics in the
brain, impacting the development and resolution of edema following traumatic brain injury …

Research on GM1 ganglioside and its neuroprotective role in Parkinson's disease (PD),
particularly in mitigating the aggregation of α-Synuclein (aSyn), is well established across …

The water-selective channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is implicated in water homeostasis and the
functioning of the glymphatic system, which eliminates various metabolites from the brain …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a barrier protecting the brain and a milieu of continuous
exchanges between blood and brain. There is emerging evidence that the BBB plays a …

Epilepsy is a neurological condition distinguished by recurrent and unexpected seizures.
Astrocytic channels and transporters are essential for maintaining normal neuronal …

The central nervous system has long been thought to lack a clearance system similar to the
peripheral lymphatic system. Therefore, the clearance of metabolic waste in the central …