Intracellular cargo delivery, the introduction of small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids
into a specific targeted site in a biological system, is an important strategy for deciphering …

Typical physiological characteristics of tumors, such as weak acidity, low oxygen content,
and upregulation of certain enzymes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), provide survival …

DNA vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer have been explored for years. To date,
only one DNA vaccine (ZyCoV-D) has been authorized for emergency use in India. DNA …

Background Machine learning (ML) tools have become invaluable in potential drug
candidate screening, formulation development, manufacturing, and characterization of …

The concept of nanomedicine has evolved significantly in recent decades, leveraging the
unique phenomenon known as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. This …

Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) therapeutics will provide personalized and mutation
specific medicines to treat human genetic diseases for which no cures currently exist. The …

RNA‐based therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy,
encompassing the silencing of immune checkpoint genes, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR …

Nanoparticles based on lipids (LNPs) are essential in pharmaceuticals and intercellular
communication, and their design parameters span a diverse range of molecules and …

The transfection efficiency and stability of the delivery vehicles of plasmid DNA (pDNA) are
critical metrics to ensure high-quality and high-yield production of viral vectors. We …

Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) have emerged as pivotal delivery vehicles for RNA therapeutics.
Previous research and development usually assumed that LNPs are homogeneous in …