The enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has been shown to play a critical role in
pain perception by regulating levels of epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE). Although …

We evaluated the effectiveness of intrathecal antagonists of α1-(WB4101) and α2-(idazoxan)
adrenoceptors and serotonergic (methysergide), opioid (naloxone), muscarinic (atropine) …

Rosemary essential oil (REO) has been used for several medical purposes. Previous
studies have shown the antinociceptive effect of the oil. This study aimed to investigate the …

The authors examined the antinocicepotive effect of melatonin in a nociceptive state and
investigated a possible interaction with adrenergic or cholinergic receptors underlying this …

The zona incerta (ZI) is a subthalamic nucleus connected to several structures, some of them
known to be involved with antinociception. The ZI itself may be involved with both …

We investigated voltage-dependent K+ currents (IK) in noradrenergic (NAergic) A7 neurons.
The IK evoked consisted of A-type IK (IA), which had the characteristics of a low threshold for …

The mammalian central nervous system contains several groups of cholinergic (choline
acetyltransferase [ChAT]-positive) neurons (Geula and Mesulam, 1999). A number of these …

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely used for the management of chronic pain, but the
mechanism of EA-induced analgesia is not yet fully understood. The present study …

We characterized transmission from the pedunculopotine tegmental nucleus (PPTg), which
contains cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons, at synapses with noradrenergic (NAergic) …

abstract Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely used for the management of chronic pain,
but the mechanism of EA-induced analgesia is not yet fully understood. The present study …