Autophagy is a versatile degradation system for maintaining cellular homeostasis whereby
cytosolic materials are sequestered in a double-membrane autophagosome and …

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles with roles in processes involved in degrading
and recycling cellular waste, cellular signalling and energy metabolism. Defects in genes …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for clearing
cytosolic aggregated proteins, damaged organelles or invading microorganisms …

COVID‐19 is a pandemic disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 that mostly
affects the respiratory system. The consequent inflammation is not able to clear viruses. The …

Macroautophagy is an intracellular degradation system that utilizes the autophagosome to
deliver cytoplasmic components to the lysosome. Measuring autophagic activity is critically …

Over the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses
has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms …

mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase, is a master regulator of cellular metabolism. mTOR
regulates cell growth and proliferation in response to a wide range of cues, and its signaling …

Defects in autophagy have been linked to a wide range of medical illnesses, including
cancer as well as infectious, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases …

Autophagy is essential for cellular survival and energy homeostasis under nutrient
deprivation. Despite the emerging importance of nuclear events in autophagy regulation …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), remains
as one of the major causes of vision loss worldwide. The release of pro-inflammatory …