The use of exosomes in clinical settings is progressively becoming a reality, as clinical trials
testing exosomes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications are generating remarkable …

Cancer is a leading cause of death in many countries around the world. However, the
efficacy of current standard treatments for a variety of cancers is suboptimal. First, most …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by donor cells that can be taken up
by recipient cells. Despite their discovery decades ago, it has only recently become …

Discovered in the late 1980s as an extracellular vesicle of endosomal origin secreted from
reticulocytes, exosomes recently gained scientific attention due to its role in intercellular …

Membrane fusion is a key process in all living organisms that contributes to a variety of
biological processes including viral infection, cell fertilization, as well as intracellular …

Despite continuous improvements in delivery systems, the development of methods for
efficient and specific delivery of targeted therapeutic agents still remains an issue in …

Cell–cell fusion remains the least understood type of membrane fusion process. However,
the last few years have brought about major advances in understanding fusion between …

Diverse membrane fusion reactions in biology involve close contact between two lipid
bilayers, followed by the local distortion of the individual bilayers and reformation into a …

Membrane fusion, one of the most fundamental processes in life, occurs when two separate
lipid membranes merge into a single continuous bilayer. Fusion reactions share common …

The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Biotechnological
Applications provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies as they …