Metastatic cancer is almost always terminal, and more than 90% of cancer deaths result from
metastatic disease. Combating cancer metastasis and post-therapeutic recurrence …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, has
a high mortality rate despite extensive efforts to develop new treatments. GBM exhibits both …

Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical player in tumor progression,
metastasis and therapy outcomes. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a well …

The lymphatic system, composed of initial and collecting lymphatic vessels as well as lymph
nodes that are present in almost every tissue of the human body, acts as an essential …

The generation of new lymphatic vessels through lymphangiogenesis and the remodelling
of existing lymphatics are thought to be important steps in cancer metastasis. The past …

CD146 was originally identified as a melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and highly
expressed in many tumors and endothelial cells. However, the evidence that CD146 acts as …

Malignant tumors release growth factors such as VEGF-C to induce lymphatic vessel
expansion (lymphangiogenesis) in primary tumors and in draining sentinel LNs, thereby …

Fibroblasts have exceptional phenotypic plasticity and capability to secrete vast amount of
soluble factors, extracellular matrix components and extracellular vesicles. While in …

Chronic stress induces signalling from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and drives
cancer progression, although the pathways of tumour cell dissemination are unclear. Here …

New blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) is a fundamental event in the process of tumor
growth and metastatic dissemination. Hence, the molecular basis of tumor angiogenesis has …