Macrophages are important immune cells in innate immunity, and have remarkable
heterogeneity and polarization. Under pathological conditions, in addition to the resident …

The current treatment strategies in advanced malignancies remain limited. Notably,
immunotherapies have raised hope for a successful control of these advanced diseases, but …

Macrophages, which are key cellular components of the liver, have emerged as essential
players in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis and in injury and repair processes in …

Effective delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic nanoparticles is dependent on their ability to
accumulate in diseased tissues. However, most nanoparticles end up in liver macrophages …

Macrophage polarization refers to the process by which macrophages can produce two
distinct functional phenotypes: M1 or M2. The balance between both strongly affects the …

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation play a significant role in the progression of hepatic
fibrosis. During chronic liver diseases, hepatocytes are damaged severely and secrete …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment
for hematological tumors, but the treatment of solid tumors still lacks effectiveness. In the …

Simple Summary A large number of studies report that medicinal herbs and many food
ingredients protect against the development of liver disease because they possess …

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) was initially thought to exclusively cause acute hepatitis.
However, the first diagnosis of chronic hepatitis E in transplant recipients in 2008 profoundly …

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are a significant component of the hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) tumor microenvironment (TME). Activated HSCs transform into myofibroblast-like …