Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory receptor belonging to
the CD28 immunoglobulin subfamily, expressed primarily by T-cells. Its ligands, CD80 and …

Background Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) are clinically and genetically
heterogeneous disorders thus far associated with mutations in more than 300 genes. The …

A fraction of mature T cells can be activated by peripheral self-antigens, potentially eliciting
host autoimmunity. We investigated homeostatic control of self-activated T cells within …

Introduction Advances in immunotherapy have transformed the management of metastatic
melanoma and generated encouraging results in the treatment of other malignancies …

Using whole-exome sequencing to examine the genetic causes of immune deficiency in 235
common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients seen in the United States (Mount Sinai …

Background Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gain-of-function
(GOF) germline mutations have been recently described. A comprehensive overview of this …

Since the early 20th century, immunologists have investigated mechanisms that protect
vertebrates from damaging immune responses against self-antigens by mature lymphocytes …

Background LPS-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency is a primary
immunodeficiency caused by biallelic mutations in LRBA that abolish LRBA protein …

Background Heterozygous germline mutations in cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen-
4 (CTLA4) impair the immunomodulatory function of regulatory T cells. Affected individuals …

Regulatory (Treg) cells are key regulators of inflammation and important for immune
tolerance and homeostasis. A major progress has been made in the identification and …