Autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by aberrant B cell
and T cell reactivity to normal constituents of the host. These diseases occur widely and …

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is not a specific disease entity but a lesion that
primarily targets the podocyte. In a broad sense, the causes of the lesion can be divided into …

An essential step in renal function entails the formation of an ultrafiltrate that is delivered to
the renal tubules for subsequent processing. This process, known as glomerular filtration, is …

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by severe proteinuria as a consequence of kidney
glomerular injury due to podocyte damage. In vitro models mimicking in vivo podocyte …

Crosstalk between glomerular endothelial cells and glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes)
is increasingly becoming apparent as a crucial mechanism to maintain the integrity of the …

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is characterized by podocyte injury or glomerular filtration
dysfunction, which results in proteinuria and eventual loss of kidney function. Progress in …

Recurrence of proteinuria after kidney transplantation in primary focal segmental
glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is unpredictable. Several putative circulating permeability factors …

Posttransplant recurrent FSGS can have a deleterious effect on allograft. Early detection of
disease recurrence with prompt treatment is optimal for clinical remission. Plasmapheresis …

Treatment of a light micro-scopic (LM) lesion of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
discovered in a kidney biopsy specimen in a patient with proteinuria has been shrouded in …

Multiple studies have indicated a potential correlation between immune-mediated
inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and Frozen shoulder (FS). To explore the genetic causal …