Most individuals adjust their caffeine intake according to the objective and subjective effects
induced by the methylxanthine. However, to reach the desired effects, the quantity of …

Caffeine is consumed by over 80% of US adults. This review examines the effects caffeine
has on cognitive and physical function, since most real-world activities require complex …

Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of
Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: Supplementation with …

Adenosine signalling has long been a target for drug development, with adenosine itself or
its derivatives being used clinically since the 1940s. In addition, methylxanthines such as …

Caffeine is a widely utilized performance-enhancing supplement used by athletes and non-
athletes alike. In recent years, a number of meta-analyses have demonstrated that caffeine's …

In the 10 years since our previous International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology
report on the nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors, no developments …

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is emerging as a promising model organism for experimental
studies of stress and anxiety. Here we further validate zebrafish models of stress by …

Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the
world, acting by means of antagonism to adenosine receptors, mainly A1 and A2A. Coffee is …

Coffee: Emerging Health Benefits and Disease Prevention presents a comprehensive
overview of the recent scientific advances in the field. The book focuses on the following …

Adenosine acts in parallel as a neuromodulator and as a homeostatic modulator in the
central nervous system. Its neuromodulatory role relies on a balanced activation of inhibitory …