Since 1997, bispectral index (BIS; Aspect Medical Systems Inc., Natick, MA) has been in
clinical practice and a wealth of experimental research has accumulated on its use …

Purpose: To review recent findings concerning neuromuscular blockade and monitoring at
the larynx, the diaphragm, and the corrugator supercilii muscle. Source: This narrative …

Background To investigate preoperative levels of stress and anxiety in day-care patients and
inpatients undergoing surgical interventions. Methods Before induction of anaesthesia, the …

Purpose The aim of this brief review is to provide an update on the theory regarding minimal
fresh gas flow techniques for inhaled general anesthesia. The article also includes an …

Background Lidocaine has been widely used as a short-acting local anesthetic agent to
reduce the pain caused by needle insertion. Dissolving microneedles (DMNs), which are …

Purpose. The pharmacology, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, indications, clinical
efficacy, adverse effects and toxicities, and dosage and administration of the inhaled …

Background. The aim of this study was to detail the time-course, defined as the changes in
end-tidal drug concentration with time, and consumption of inhaled anaesthetics when using …

Abstract Background: QoR-40, a 40-item questionnaire on quality of recovery from
anaesthesia, has been shown to measure health status after surgery. Our aim was to …

Background: Efficacy and tolerability of intranasal ketorolac (SPRIX®) was assessed in
abdominal surgery patients. Methods: Adult patients were randomly assigned to receive …

Recent advances in anesthetic and surgical techniques, combined with costcontainment
concerns, have made day-case surgery increasingly popular. Daycase surgery differs …