The immune system of multicellular organisms protects them from harmful microbes. To
establish an infection in the face of host immune responses, pathogens must evolve specific …

Mammalian innate immunity is regulated by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and guard
proteins, which use distinct strategies to detect infections. PRRs detect bacterial molecules …

Inflammatory caspases are cysteine protease zymogens whose activation following infection
or cellular damage occurs within supramolecular organizing centers (SMOCs) known as …

Detection of Gram-negative bacterial lipid A by the extracellular sensor, myeloid
differentiation 2 (MD2)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), or the intracellular inflammasome …

Yersinia are Gram-negative zoonotic bacteria that use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to
inject Yersinia outer proteins into the host cytosol to subvert essential components of innate …

Yersinia are gram-negative zoonotic bacteria that use a type three secretion system (T3SS)
to inject Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) into the host cytosol in order to subvert essential …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF), resulting in
structural lung damage and progressive pulmonary decline. P. aeruginosa in the CF lung …

Inflammatory caspases are cysteine protease zymogens whose activation following infection
or cellular damage occurs within supramolecular organizing centers (SMOCs) known as …

Yersinia are gram-negative zoonotic bacteria that use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to
inject Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) into the host cytosol to subvert essential components of …

Shigella spp. infection contributes significantly to the global disease burden, primarily
affecting young children in developing countries. Currently, there are no FDA-approved …